One-way valves in the veins direct blood flow towards the heart. Blood can gather in the veins if the valves become weaker or broken. The veins enlarge as a result of this. When one of these valves fails, blood can pool in the vein, causing the vein to stretch and twist, resulting in a varicose vein. It’s not always clear what causes the valve to malfunction, and there’s no way to prevent it from happening.
There is not one single cause for varicosities. In fact, it’s what we doctors call a “multifactorial event”, with many factors predisposing to it, such as:
- Overweight or obesity;
- Old age;
- Being female;
- Being inactive for long periods;
- Leg injuries;
- Pregnancies;
- Smoking;
- Taking oral contraceptive pills or hormone replacement.
What To Do if You Have Varicose Veins
If you realise that you have varicose veins, the first thing you should do is make an appointment with your doctor. He or she will advise what to do.
However, the problem is that in many cases, varicose veins will be perceived as a “cosmetic” problem, and some doctors will do nothing about it. This is the reason you should look after a specialised vein doctor.
Some of the most common symptoms of varicose veins are:
- Colour changes in the skin;
- Sores on the legs;
- Rash;
- Sensations in the legs, such as a heavy feeling, burning and aching.
Make sure you tell your doctor about any leg pain or aching, as well as any other concerns you may have. Your doctor will discuss your varicose vein treatment options with you after your consultation.